Risks Analyzing and management in Software Project Management Using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps with Reinforcement Learning

Ahmed Tlili, Salim Chikhi

Abstract


Many projects fail each year simply because a risk has been misjudged, ignored or unidentified. An essential motivation for analyzing the risk of a project is to inform managers in order to reduce the risk, and therefore the loss of the project. Risk analysis can help identify the best actions that would reduce the risk and assess by how much. In the last decades, the Fuzzy Cognitive Map emerged as a powerful tool for modeling and supervising dynamic interactions in complex systems. There is two ways to construct them, the first way by experts of domain and the second way by learning method based on the historical of data. In this paper, we develop a new learning fuzzy cognitive maps based on a reinforcement learning algorithm so called Q-learning and we propose here a new formulation of kosko causality principle. This connection between fuzzy cognitive maps and reinforcement learning allows us to choose based on the historical of data learning process the best and the most important connections between concepts. In this work, we illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach by modeling and studying the analysis of project risk management as an economic decision support system.


Full Text:

PDF

References


. L. Zadeh, (1965). Fuzzy sets. Inf. Contr., vol. 3, no. 8, pp. 338–353.

. Angeline, P.J., Fogel, D.B. (1997). An evolutionary program for the identification of dynamical systems. SPIE Aerosence 97, Symp. On Neural Networks, S.K. Rogers and D. Ruck (eds.), Vol. 3077, 409-417.

. R.T Futrell, L.I Shafer & D.F Shafer (2001). Quality software project management. Prentice Hall PTR. [2] D. Dubois and H. Prade, (1980), Fuzzy Sets and Systems—Theory and Applications. New York: Academic.

. C. Samantra, S. Datta., S.S Mahapatra. (2017) Fuzzy based risk assessment module for metropolitan construction project: an empirical study. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell.; 65:449–464.

. O.Taylan, A.O Bafail., R.M Abdulaal., M.R Kabli. (2014) Construction projects selection and risk assessment by fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methodologies. Appl. Soft Comput.; 17:105–116.

. A.Dziadosz, M Rejment. (2015) Risk analysis in construction project-chosen methods. Proc. Eng.; 122:258–265.

. C. Muriana, G. Vizzini, (2017) Project risk management: a deterministic quantitative technique for assessment and mitigation. Int. J. Proj. Manag.; 35(3):320–340.

. B.W. Boehm and T. DeMarco, Software risk management. IEEE Software 14 (3), (1997), 17–19.

. Kosko B. (1986), Fuzzy Cognitive Maps, International Journal Man-Machine Studies, 24:65-75.

. Axelrod Robert (1976). Structure of decision. Princeton university press, Princeton, NewJersy.

. M. Carr, S. Konda, I. Monarch, C. Walker and F. Ulrich, Taxonomy-Based Risk Identification, (1993).

. Maikel Leon1, Ciro Rodriguez1, Maria M. Garcia1, Rafael Bello1 and Koen Vanhoof (2010). Fuzzy Cognitive Maps For Modeling Complex Systems. Springer-Verlag.

. R. Sutton & A.G. Barto, (2005). Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. A Bradford Book The MIT press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England.

. E.A. Jasmin, T.P. Imthias Ahamed, V.P. Jagathy Raj (2011). Reinforcement Learning approaches to Economic Dispatch problem. Elsevier.

. L.P. Martin (2014). Markov Decision Processes: Discrete Stochastic and Dynamic Programming. Wiley series in probability and statistics.

. Thomas J. Sargent, (2004). Recursive Macroeconomic Theory. Second edition Lars Ljungqvist Stockholm School of Economics. New York University and Hoover Institution. The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England.

. C. Watkins (1989). Learning from Delayed Rewards. Ph.D. thesis, King's College, Cambridge, England.

. Ibbs, C. W., and Kwak, Y. H. (2000). Assessing project management maturity. Project Management Journal, pp 32–43.

. Boehm, B.W., DeMarco, T. (1997). Software risk management. IEEE Software 14 (3), 17–19.

. Boehm, B.W., 1991. Software risk management principles and practices. IEEE Software 8 (1), 32–41.

. Jones, C., (1998). Minimizing the risks of software development. Cutter IT Journal 11 (6), 13–21.

. Jones, G.F., (2001). What is different about it risks. In: 2001 INCOSE Proceedings of a Symposium on Risk Management..

. Beatrice Lazzerini, Member, IEEE, and Lusine Mkrtchyan (2011) Analyzing Risk Impact Factors Using Extended Fuzzy Cognitive Maps. IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL. 5, NO. 2,

. A. Tlili, S. Chikhi, (2016). Natural Immune System Response as Complexe Adaptive System Using Learning FCMs. IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol. 4, No. 3, pp 95-104. ISSN: 2252-8938.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v45i1.3104

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.