An IoT-Based Pill Management System for Elderly

Boudrali Roumaissa, Boudour Rachid

Abstract


The challenge to guarantee healthy aging has become a major social concern. Due to the cognitive deficits related to age, hectic daily activities, and multiple medications prescriptions, the elders often tend to forget their pills intakes. This has a colossal impact on their health and life. Moreover, the recent pandemic of COVID-19 has accentuated the importance to provide independent and autonomous living for the elderly. This paper presents a pill management system based on IoT intended for aged individuals. The proposed system is a smart pill dispenser associated with a mobile application. The main actors of the system are the patient, the doctor, the pharmacist, and the patient’s caregiver and/or relative, each having restricted access to the system via specific credentials.  The prescription is directly edited on the mobile application by the doctor and the scheduling and filling of the pillbox is done wirelessly by the pharmacist. The reminding of medications intakes in this system is done gradually to help the patient adhere to his/her prescription. First, it notifies the patient about his/her scheduled pill by a mobile notification then via the pill dispenser using LCD, LED, and buzzer. The implemented system also allows the doctor and caregiver to keep a tab of the patient’s intakes. Furthermore, the pill dispenser is featured with a locking mechanism to ensure medication dosage control and prevent drugs abuse. Experiments show that the proposed system is appreciated by the elderly and encourages them to take their pills successfully and safely without causing any disturbance.

Full Text:

PDF

References


S. Shahrestani (2018). Internet of things and smart environments. Cham: Springer International , pp 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60164-9_1

V. T. Taipale (2014). The global age watch index, GAWI 2013. Gerontechnology, vol. 13, pp. 16–20. https://doi.org/10.4017/gt.2014.13.1.010.00

S. L. Smith, J. W. Archer, G. P. Timms, K. W. Smart, S. J. Barker, S. G. Hay, and C. Granet (2012). A millimeter-wave antenna amplitude and phase measurement system. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 60, pp. 1744–1757. https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2012.2186218

B. Reeder, G. Demiris, and K. D. Marek (2013). Older adults' satisfaction with a medication dispensing device in home care. Informatics for Health and Social Care, vol. 38, pp. 211–222. https://doi.org/10.3109/17538157.2012.74108

Data Bridge Market Research (2021). Global Smart Pill Dispenser Market – Industry Trends and Forecast to 2027. https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-smart-pill-dispenser-market

J. Joy, S. Vahab, G. Vinayakan, M. V. Prasad, and S. Rakesh (2021). SIMoP box–a smart intelligent mobile pill box. Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 43, pp. 3610–3619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.09.829

J. F. Pinto, J. L. Vilaça, and N. S. Dias (2021). A review of current pill organizers and dispensers. 9th IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH), IEEE, pp. 1–8.

A. Jabeena, A. K. Sahu, R. Roy, and N. S. Basha (2017). Automatic pill reminder for easy supervision. 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS), IEEE, pp. 630–637. https://doi.org/10.1109/iss1.2017.8389315

M. L. I. Goh, M. B. Garcia, P. L. Jay-ar, A. C. Lagman, H. N. Vicente, and R. M. De Angel (2019). A pocket-sized interactive pillbox device: design and development of a microcontroller-based system for medicine intake adherence. 2019 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Knowledge Economy (ICCIKE), IEEE, pp. 718–723. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccike47802.2019.9004276

S. B. Lenin, S. Pushparaj, M. Adithya, S. Murugesan, N. Balaji, and J. Gurupriyan (2021). Smart medkit. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, IOP Publishing, vol. 1717, p. 012041. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1717/1/012041

V. B. Sree, K. S. Indrani, and G. M. S. Latha (2020). Smart medicine pill box reminder with voice and display for emergency patients. Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 33, pp. 4876–4879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.400

D. S. A. Minaam and M. Abd-ELfattah (2018). Smart drugs: improving healthcare using smart pill box for medicine reminder and monitoring system. Future Computing and Informatics Journal, vol. 3, pp. 443–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcij.2018.11.008

P. N. J. Najeeb, A. Rimna, K. P. Safa, M. Silvana, and T. K. Adarsh (2018). Pill care-the smart pill box with remind, authenticate and confirmation function. 2018 International Conference on Emerging Trends and Innovations In Engineering And Technological Research (ICETIETR), IEEE, pp 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/icetietr.2018.8529030

C.-C. Hsu, T.-L. Chen, I.-F. Chang, Z.-Y. Wu, and C.-H. Liu (2020). Design and implementation a smart pillbox. International Conference on 5G for Future Wireless Networks, Springer, pp. 427–432. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63941-9

R. O. D. R. Carlos (2020). IoT-based smart medicine dispenser to control and supervise medication intake. Intelligent Environments 2020: Workshop Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Intelligent Environments, IOS Press, pp. 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1109/ie49459.2020.9154933

D. Karagiannis and K. S. Nikita (2020). Design and development of a 3D printed IoT portable pillbox for continuous medication adherence. 2020 IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things (SmartIoT), IEEE, pp. 352–353. https://doi.org/10.1109/smartiot49966.2020.00066

S. Jayanthi, S. Sindhuja et al. (2020). Smart pill dispenser. Journal of Critical Reviews, vol. 7, pp. 1481–1484.

J. M. Parra, W. Valdez, A. Guevara, P. Cedillo, and J. Ortiz-Segarra (2017). Intelligent pillbox: automatic and programmable assistive technology device. 13th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed), IEEE, pp. 74–81. https://doi.org/10.2316/p.2017.852-051

P. Wadibhasme, A. Amin, P. Choudhary, and P. Saindane (2020). Saathi—a smart IoT-based pill reminder for IVF patients. International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems, Springer, pp. 697–705. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7062-9_70

D. I. Velligan and S. H. Kamil (2014). Enhancing patient adherence: introducing smart pill devices. Therapeutic delivery, vol. 5, pp. 611–613. https://doi.org/10.4155/tde.14.33

N. A. Chaudri (2014). Adherence to long-term therapies evidence for action. Annals of Saudi Medicine, vol. 24, p. 221–222. https://doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2004.221

U. Singh, A. Sharad, and P. Kumar (2019). IoMT based pill dispensing system. 10th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), IEEE, pp. 1–5.

S. Jaipriya, R. Aishwarya, N. B. Akash, and A. P. Jeyadevi (2019). An intelligent medical box remotely controlled by doctor. 2019 International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS), IEEE, pp. 565–569. https://doi.org/10.1109/iss1.2019.8907996

K. Arora and S. K. Singh (2019). IOT based portable medical kit. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Special Issue, vol. 8, pp. 42-46. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.e1012.0785s319

B. Ayshwarya and R. Velmurugan (2021). Intelligent and safe medication box in health IoT platform for medication monitoring system with timely remainders. 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), IEEE, pp. 1828–1831. https://doi.org/10.1109/icaccs51430.2021.9442017

M. Sinha, L. Fukey, K. Balasubramanian, M. H. Hanafiah, P. Kunasekaran, and N. A. Ragavan (2021). Acceptance of consumer-oriented health information technologies (CHITs): integrating technology acceptance model with perceived risk. Informatica, vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 45–52. https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v45i6.3484

M. Rathi, S. Sahu, A. Goel, and P. Gupta (2022). Personalized health framework for visually impaired. Informatica, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 77–86. https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v46i1.2934

M. Depolli, V. Avbelj, R. Trobec, J. M. Kališnik, T. Korošec, A. P. Susič, U. Stanič, and A. Semeja (2016). PCARD platform for mHealth monitoring. Informatica, vol. 40, pp. 117–123.

S. Nasiri, F. Sadoughi, A. Dehnad, M. H. Tadayon, and H. Ahmadi (2021). Layered architecture for internet of things-based healthcare system: a systematic literature review. Informatica, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 543–562. https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v45i4.3601




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v46i4.4195

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.